Tech GALAxY GURU

🎯The working substance is essential part of thermodynamic system by means of which we can study heat and mass transfer across system.

🎯As long as fluid remains homogeneous in composition and chemical form, and retains its chemical identity, it is known as pure substance.

🎯System is defined as ‘prescribed region of space or finite quantity of matter surrounded by an envelope called boundary’.

🎯”Space and matter external to the thermodynamic system and outside boundary is called as surrounding’.

🎯”When system and surrounding are put together it is called universe’.

🎯Different types of systems are: closed system, open system and isolated system.

🎯A system is called as closed system if mass within the boundary of the system remain constant and only energy may trarsfer across boundary.

🎯A system is called as open system if mass as well as energy transfer across the boundary.

🎯A system is said to be isolated system if no flow of energy and mass takes place across boundary of system.

🎯State of systern is defined as ‘exact condition of system’.

🎯Observable characteristic of system is known as property of system.

🎯Properties are of two type: Intensive property and Extensive property.

🎯Zeroth law: If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with the third system, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.

🎯First law of thermodynamics: If system undergoes a cyclic change, then algebraic sum of work delivered to the surrounding is directly proportional to the algebraic sum of heat taken from the surrounding.

🎯Steady flow energy equation:

🎯Keivin and Clausius statements are eouivalent Viglation of orie will have violation of other.

🎯Perpetual motion machine of first and second kind is impossible.

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